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Spanish Tutorial [English Subs Available] - Mixing and Arrangement of string sections in unison - Duration: 27:31.
Ok
I have had many requeriments
via the YouTube comments
for me to create a tutorial in spanish
similar to the ones i have done before in english
so, here it is.
This is a tutorial about something very basic
regarding string section arrangements
that for some reason
it is a question that keeps being repeated every time i publish something
with any kind of string arrangement in it.
What i am going to show you today is a very basic arrangement
it is a technique well known as "unison"
and the structure is very simple
we have here a piano
we also have a very simple strings section
8 cellos
8 violas
8 violins
and all of that
is being accompained
a winds section (french horns)
we have percussion
we also have some taiko drums
and we have a few synth pads
coming from the XV-5080
a few more percussion accessories coming also from the 5080
a very simple string pad coming also from the 5080
an arpeggio
and a cello solo.
What im going to do
is to go by parts
so that its easier to understand how all of this works
and i am going to explain
mainly some tips regarding the mixing
because it is on the mixing where most of the inconveniences usually are
to make all of this "blend"
so let's listen a little bit
ok, let's go with this part first
let's bring the mixer to this display
basically
this works in the following way
let´s solo the cello track
let's disable the reverb...
let's disable the eq
and the compressor... and i want you to see
how the sound is coming in it's raw form from the sampler.
this is the raw sound
as you can hear, it is very boring this way
this is basically the cello player recording at small studio
without any kind of natural reverb
completely "dry".
There are some libraries
of string instruments which already come
with some kind of reverb or ambience
I usually prefer the ones with dry sound
I prefer to create the ambiance (reverb) myself
The first step (at least the one I do first) is the EQ.
and here basically what i did was to
to raise the high frequencies
starting at around 6K
so that the bow noise is more noticeable
and then obviously
to exaggerate the dominant frequency of the instrument
at around 250Hz to 274Hz
and then i did a little bit of cut on the bass frequencies
in order to kill a little bit the rumble and the low frequency resonance
now i have just disabled the EQ
as you can see it is very subtle
it is more about correcting than changing the sound
the second thing
is a compressor.
Again, the compressor is very subtle, just to level the peaks
and to bring the instrument a little bit to the front
and finally, what changes it all...
is the reverb.
regarding the reverbs
that is the dry sound
and that is with the reverb
the change is enormeous
a side note regarding the reverbs
the quality of the reverb that you choose
is going to make the difference
on top of the quality of your mix
the quality of the reverb IS going to make a difference
in my particular case i use
this one because it is in my opinion
one of the best reverb units around
which is the Lexicon 224 by Universal Audio
the thing with this specific one
is that it runs on a specific hardware on top of your PC or Mac
you will need a specific hardware DSP in order to run these reverbs.
There are of course alternatives to this
which are also very good
in fact, the one that comes with Cubase...
which is called...
I think the name is "Revelation"...
yeah, this one
this one, in my opinion is also very good
I am very used to the Lexicon 224
it is a reverb unit that i know a lot
and i like the sound of it
and it is easy for me with this one to find the sound i want
but basically it is...
EQ
about 6Khz
raise a little bit the dominant frequency
of the cello
and bass cut.
and then
a little bit (very subtle) of compression.
very subtle.
just enough to bring it to the front and kill the peaks.
Now about the piano...
The piano intentionally has a VERY long reverb...
and the same...
a little bit of compression...
The EQ is FUNDAMENTAL in order to make the instruments...
"blend" with each other.
in this case
now i am again raising a little bit the dominant frequency for the piano
which is about 1Khz for the notes that i am playing.
I am also doing a little bit of treble cut
because i am interested in a more "dramatic" sound.
and also doing a bass cut, because im not interested
in the piano sound interfering with the bass sound that will appear later.
In other words, i want the bass...
to be the one controlling...
the low frequencies...
of this composition.
As for the rest...
it really has not a lot of science.
This is a...
simple string pad...
this is coming from a Roland XV-5080
Is really a simple string pad...
and the idea of this pad is not to predomine
but to fill the background.
After all the rest of the instrumentation is playing...
the pad sound will be VERY subtle.
Lets continue...
with the next part...
lets have a listen...
and then we do the decomposition.
Ok, so here, basically...
we are back to what i was talking earlier...
about "unison".
Basically we have here 3 string sections...
which are all playing the same note, but in different octaves.
They are...
Cellos
Violas
and Violins.
These are the Cellos...
let's disable the reverb so first we can hear...
the same here with the Cellos...
raising a little bit the fundamental frequency...
and exagerating a little bit the bow noise...
which is something I particularly like, some people does not, but I do.
There is not a lot more to it than this.
Then we have....
the same...
exactly the same notes, but one octave higher...
or I don't remember if i did it higher or not...
No, same octave.
These are violas...
In the case of the Violas, there is no EQ applied.
and finally...
Violins.
These ones are one octave higher...
This Strings library...
includes "legato" patches...
and what it does is...
that in between notes, it will give you the "slide"...
if you want...
you can control it.
Ok, and finally...
The 3 sections together...
By the way... this is also a little important...
a little bit of panning to the left and right...
in order to give it a little more of Stereo Width.
to the string section.
again, that is up to you.
And regarding the mixing of all this...
these 3 channels...
Cellos, Violas and Violins...
end up on this group...
and on this group...
is where i am applying...
EQ to the whole section...
again...
raising a little bit here so that we can have more of the bow friction...
a little bit of the fundamental frequency...
and low frequency cut...
to kill the resonance of the box.
Here we have again a little bit of very subtle compression...
This is of course the raw sound, without any kind of ambience....
and finally to all of this...
reverb...
quite long...
in this case because...
i want to give it a little more of "drama"...
and finally on top of all of this...
we add...
a brass section
also in unison...
even if at a specific moment...
i decided to deviate a little bit from the unison note...
you will hear it now...
there it is the deviation...
Fundamental in all of this...
is the expressiveness..
here you can see this...
which goes up and down and up and down...
this represents the movement that i do...
with the modulation wheel on my midi controller...
and this basically affects the force...
that the player uses to play the instrument.
It is the expression....
of the part.
and another thing...
You NEVER quantize string parts...
NEVER.
because if you do, it sounds like...
like if it was a machine playing....
and that is not the idea.
The idea is for it to sound natural.
Obviously we can quantize if we want...
percussions and things like that...
in this case i think they are quantized.
but...
At least I myself, prefer not to quantize...
the string section parts.
Ok, so all of this together...
ends up sounding...
something like this.
And in order to already reply to a comment that I am sure is going to show...
The piano library that I am using is "Piano in Blue"...
from the guys at CineSamples, which i love...
I think it is one of the most expressive pianos ever.
Oh and this is also important...
this library, like most of the professional ones...
allows you to choose the mic placement...
if you want it close, if you want a room mic...
or a surround one.
In this case, because I am already applying a reverb...
i choose to use the close mic, without any kind of reverb or ambiance.
Then...
the String Sections are from...
the "Agitato" Series from 8DIO.
which i think are one of the best ever made.
Lets be clear, i am not being paid for this free publicity.
but i really think they are one of the best...
and the Cello solo...
is from LA Scoring Strings...
which is also impressive.
And I think this is it...
the only remaining thing is...
that what you are hearing...
is just a raw mix without any kind of...
postprocessing in order to level up a bit the EQ and peaks...
maybe we could add...
and let's not fall on this lie about mastering fixing a wrong mix...
Mastering...
is not going to make miracles...
but indeed we could add to this...
in order to raise a little bit the power...
a multiband compressor...
again...
in the case of compression...
and specially on this musical genre...
it has to be just enough to level some peaks...
you should not be able to "hear" the compressor...
specifically this compressor from Universal Audio...
is extremely transparent and that is why i love it...
and finally a limiter...
as the last one process in the chain...
in order to keep the peaks under control.
This would be....
basically the decomposition....
of a string arrangement and mix...
at least with the unison technique.
As you can see there is not a lot of science...
we have relatively few instruments...
I believe that the majority of the "science"...
on this lies in trying to maintain...
the most natural sound possible...
all over the mix...
And i believe that most of the complexity...
or at least the one it took me the most time to learn...
is the Equalization.
Here you can clearly see all the EQ work in every one of the tracks...
and the idea of EQ...
which for me is the most important part on a mix...
is to reach a point where all instruments will "blend" with each other.
I believe that would be...
if you want, the description.
So ok, i will just play it in case anyone wants to listen to it...
one more time with the compressor....
and the output stage.
And here we go.
Thanks a lot...
comments are welcome.
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