[Music - Opening]
Hello, my name is Pedro Bondan,
and today, in our Physical Education class, we'll talk about Paralympic sports.
What are the sports practiced by those people who have physical or mental disabilities.
Hi, I'm Pedro Ariel,
and today, we'll be talking a little about the history of Paralympic sports.
Well, it all started in 1948 with Ludwig Guttman, who started adapting sports so that they were
practiced by World War II ex-combatants who had suffered fractures in the bone marrow,
in order to bring a rehabilitation of them.
Well, the Paralympic sports began to be practiced in public from 1960
in Rome, Italy.
In 1976, the first winter paralympics were organized by Sweden.
Well, since 2001, the International Olympic Committee and the International Paralympic Committee have agreed
so that the games were held in the same places and in the same years,
considering from the first Paralympic game of 1960.
Well, compared to the first games that were held in 1960,
there was a participation of only 400 athletes.
And bringing the data of 2008, managed to gather more than 3,951 athletes, coming from 141 countries,
showing how there has been the growth of inclusion that these sports bring.
[Pedro Bondan] We already talked about the story.
Let's see some of the modality?!
Hello, my name is Bolivar, and you'll see some paralympic modalities with me.
Well, the paralympics, they have around 24 modalities, plus the modalities of winter.
Among them there are, such as: athletics, cycling, basketball in a wheelchair; which are some adapted Olympic sports,
but the Paralympics also have sports that are unique to them, such as the boccia.
Among these 24 sports, Brazil is detachable in 13 of them, which are:
One of the biggest highlights of Brazil is athletics, which, in 1984, won 6 gold medals,
12 silver medals and 3 bronze medals.
[Music]
Another sport, also very important, is swimming, which was originally only practiced by people
which had lesions in the spinal cord.
But in the course of Paralympic sports, it began to spread to other
physical and neurological disorders.
Another sport, too, is the boccia.
It is a sport mainly of strategy, that had its beginning in 1984.
It's a game where there's the participation of both women and men.
[Music]
Five-a-side football is a game played by blind people, where there are two teams with five people.
The court has the same measures as the futsal court. They follow the same rules as football,
but with adaptations for blind people.
[Music]
Well, there's also judo.
Judo for the blind, it has existed since the 1970s, and the classification of sportsmen rather than by weight,
as in normal, is by the degree of blindness.
Table tennis has been part of the Paralympic Games since its first edition in Rome in 1960.
The table tennis, in the case, it has 29 podiums and on them participate people with intellectual deficiency,
wheelchair users or who don't have a limb.
Weightlifting it classifies athletes by body mass, but, unlike conventional weightlifting,
the athletes who can participate in it are those with amputated limbs, spinal cord injuries,
cerebral palsy, all minimal, for the protection of the athlete.
Paralympic cycling started in 1976 in the Atlanta edition, among which there is track cycling,
which is the latest in Paralympic cycling, there is a set of technique and speed on the track.
This sport brings together both men and women
[Music]
Canoeing is a sport whose athletes utilize canoes or kayaks.
The course is surrounded by 18 to 25 beacons, also called "doors".
The sport, to win would, in the case, make the entire course with less time and fewer fouls.
[Music]
Equestrianism is a sport that brings together both men and women, in which they compete together
on tracks, different from the conventional one, which is adapted for them.
In the case, they mount on horses and cross an obstacle course, and whoever does less time
and less number of fouls, wins.
[Music]
Seven-a-side football is played by players with cerebral palsy or stroke.
In this case, the rules of the game have been adapted by the International Association for Sports and Leisure Facilities
for people with cerebral palsy.
The goalball was created for World War II veterans who had lost their vision.
This game began in Paralympic sports in 1976 in the Toronto edition.
In 2008, in the Beijing edition, it was Brazil's first participation in this sport.
Sitting volleyball, at the beginning of its editions, shared the space with standing volleyball.
In this case, participants of this modality are athletes who have amputated limbs, cerebral palsy,
some spinal fracture or some type of locomotive disability.
[Music]
[Pedro Bondan] We have already seen with Bolivar the various modalides, we'll now see, with Ayron,
the importance of sports and their relevance.
[Ayron] Sports in general have a fundamental importance in cognitive development,
psychological and physical, and Paralympic sports would be no different.
The practice of these sports develops physical conditioning, motor skills,
provides social inclusion, improvement of self-esteem and also the capacity of socialization of the individuals.
It develops quick thinking, teamwork, sense of leadership and strategic thinking,
regardless of whether or not the individual has some type of mental disability
or a lower cognitive ability due to some disease.
[Music]
[Pedro Ariel] Well, you've already learned a bit about the history of Paralympic sports.
[Bolivar] You saw some of these sports with me.
[Ayron] And you saw the importance of them in people's lives.
[Pedro Bondan] That was our show schedule, now, stick with our dance.
[Music]
[Music - Closing]
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