here in this place of the peninsula Catalonia is located in
shores of the Mediterranean and at the foot of the Pyrenees and covers a
extension of about 32 thousand kilometers squares
Do you want me to tell you about your process? historical as we start let's
go back to prehistory in this time the whole peninsula is inhabited
by Iberian peoples and also the current catalonia so far no history
differentiated and then the Greeks
this is moving all over Mediterranean Sea and in 575 before
Christ they arrive at the Catalan coast do not
area but create a colony here ampurias to maintain a contact
commercial the Greeks provide the cultivation of
grapes the vine and olive and introduce the coin
we are at the beginning of the development of which will be Catalonia two more centuries
late in 318 before Christ the Romans arrive their these enter by
here also for purias and conquer everything and they will remain
many more years seven centuries and in all that time create
new populations including gerund but not barcina Barcelona and tarragona
tarragona builds on roads communication through roadways and
bridges and introduce a new language Latin the language of origin of Catalan
many things do not reach the 5th century and the decay of the Roman Empire and look
passing through the area first come the northern Visigoths
from europe pass through catalonia but not establishes but enters the rest of
the peninsula three centuries later in 711 they arrive
the Arab peoples and now they are do with almost the whole territory and see
to get to catalonia even go through the Pyrenees for this area which is more
accessible here are the flanks well now
the thing gets interesting to slow down the expansion of Muslims are
puncher sends its troops to Catalan territory
and liberate this area of the Muslims creates the so-called Hispanic brand
Its objective is to form a to avoid another expansion could be said
that this is the starting point in the that an area with characteristics
own but this fact has a peculiarity
explained the whites do not rule directly in this area but
they give the land to the poor creating several counties these
counties although dependent on banks have
your own domain and administration as you see right now there are two
Catalunya is catalonia la vieja la of the counties and Catalonia is the
new that is still territory Muslim in the old happen several
things on the one hand counties progressively
interrelation between them through to hunt family members with the
other this is increasingly focused on
the county of barcelona which is the predominant
at the same time they have become frank empire that is weakening
and one more thing to consolidate still-primitive institutions called
usach is that they collect customs and norms social functioning as well as
that you already see Catalan society is going gaining identity and social structure
comes to the 12th century the Muslims go losing territory and now the
peninsula is divided into kingdoms attentive to the play in 1137 the count of
barcelona ramón berenguer room house with princess petronila de
Aragon so both Aragon and Catalonia are
remain under the control of the same monarchs but look, despite sonia
monarchy to the land will maintain its language and institutions
from now on you will hear of the kingdom of Aragon but must remember
that within that realm we have Catalonia with total autonomy
of government and now in that very vertical area with
ardor comienza la época de expansión de cataluña
burning starts the time of expansion of Catalonia
then on site 13 with Pedro the conqueror turn south and
now if they manage to snatch the Balearic muslims and valencia cataluña
is now a great maritime power and commercial
Do you remember the posters? primitive institutions have gone
consolidating and have given way to three large institutions
the consell of cent strong old and the consulate of the sea and then in the century
14 to the generalitat of catalunya and see Catalan self-management is done
more solid things are going well for catalonia but
nivel interno es otra cuestión para el siglo 15
society is very hierarchical and in that division are the nobles with
power and privileges and the peasants who they work for them the nobles have
each time a more abusive treatment and this generates great tensions in the
Catalan population until the peasants rise up against them and
produce several wars the struggle is endless and the king of
then he ended up mediating between the two groups and then look at that mediation
king and see the peasants of the bandage of the names and their abuses so that
your better life condition some way was not we do not follow with the
history by the end of the 15th century map of spain has changed and it is so
this part sure you know the king of aragón fernando and the princess of
castelabel isabel and so both kingdoms happen to have the same monarchs
they are not the same kingdom but both kingdoms have the same monarchs as
It means that for each kingdom will maintain its
institutions and their administration the new Catalans happy because in
castilla is paid more taxes and in this century as you know castillas embargo
the americas discover it and the conquest
well Aragon and Catalonia do not participate in this colonization follow their
their own path and focus more on the conquest of the Mediterranean
their own path and focus more on the conquest of the Mediterranean
are engaged in the war of thirty years old
the Count duke of olive groves that the right hand of the king of then to
have greater strength and money in that war wants to centralize everything is to say
that all kingdoms have the same government regime and pay the same
taxes the Catalan nobles accept the idea but in Catalonia
the people of the town rebel against this because it involves the loss of
autonomy in its administration that so many years have been defending and
exploits the famous war of the reapers a tough fight of 12 years
between the people and the nobility that happens is that the gentlemen take a step back and
therefore Aragon and Catalonia is not assimilated by castilla follows the
self-administration by the way the hymn catalan els reapers comes from those
wars and now comes a moment important 18th century
continued counting in the video the Catalans over the centuries
and despite the political changes they have institutions.
now they are going to lose everything I tell you the war of succession the king then
dies without descendants now there are two candidates for
to substitute a candidate for the house Bourbon and another from the Austrian house
the first is much more centralist is say with desire to have more control
especially and the other gives more guarantees to continue more or less as far as
then and therefore conserves substitutions so cataluña fight to
favor of austria and the war comes more or less so it happens is that the
candidate of austria abandonment and Catalans lose the war
11 of September of 1714 with the fall of barcelona as a result of
the new monarch bourbon and cabbages institutions and laws and
forbids the catalonian language happens to fully depend on madrid in
I remember this date is celebrated catalonia history continues in the century
19 industrialization takes place in all Europe
catalonia grows at commercial level industrial and agricultural
outstanding and therefore offers its economy reactivates class
proletarian and popular and with it reborn an increased esteem for their culture and
language the feeling of national consciousness
take off again and the catalanismo and then they arrive
the carlist wars have the candidate to the throne is the queen isabel the law
salica prevents a woman from the throne In the face of this situation, some
be carlos the brother of the deceased king to become king
thus three Carlist wars arise against isabel hilux carlos offered
greater guarantee of recovering institutions and therefore the
Catalans are on their side but lose and therefore the
dependence of madrid attention now because despite the failure of the
wars a new era arrives arrives the republic spain and with it
the self-affirmation movement returns Catalan during the Catalonia Republic
to recover the institutions and in 1932, the status of
autonomy a kind of constitution but catalan
this changes quickly with the arrival of the Franco dictatorship
as you know it was a terrible time repression for 40 years
at this time the institutions and Catalan with the
death of the dictator is entered into a period of transition and a new
political status where the institutions
return generalitat and statut throughout the 21st century increases
progressively the sensitivity Catalan identity
the economic crisis the cases of corruption in the state and
perception that Catalonia gives more money to spain from the one who receives
other reasons it grows in a large sector of the Catalan population
the desire to be an independent country
on October 1, 2017, there is a referendum to decide on the
independence of catalonia the government considers it illegal and
try to hamper it with action police officer
in spite of this they are counted more than two million votes and among them
90 percent say they are in favor of independence
a week later the president catalan soccer declares catalonia
independent and immediately leaves in declaration is suspended in order to
to a dialogue stage with the government of Madrid to decide on the
future we have reached the present
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